This reading was about the second wave of the European conquest, this happened in africa. This happened by military force. Another main point in the reading was about Nelson Mandela. They talked about when he was in jail and all of the things he accomplished.  He helped free the africans from europeans. India also has a problem with freedom it was a very big struggle. The INC was established and the few people that were involved were english speaking indians. india got there independence in 1947.